Question 1

Getting Started with Mazes 3D Isometric

Accepted Answer

Mazes 3D Isometric was created to be interactive. The best way to learn how it works is to change the settings and click “Preview”. To get you started, or as reference, you can check out this tutorial.

Mazes 3D Isometric overview
Maze Generator
Grid Types
Style Options

Mazes 3D Isometric Overview

https://malcolm-en-gb.s3.eu-west-1.amazonaws.com/instances/wuGqS3zSeN/resources/yg0o4t9V2y/Mazes%203D%20Isometric%20Overview%20Screenshot.jpg (Mazes 3D Isometric Overview Screenshot)

After selecting “Mazes 3D Isometric” in the drop-down menu at the top, you’ll see a view like this:

Every Puzzle Maker Pro module consists of several parts:

The puzzle settings at the left, a puzzle preview (6) at the right, buttons to create puzzles or previews at the bottom (5) and the option to display the puzzle preview or the solution preview (7).

For Mazes 3D Isometric you’ll see the following options:

Preset function at the top. Presets are just files saved on your computer, there’s no limit. (If you want to clean up or copy your presets, there’s an easy access button on the Tools tab)
The Grid Type, to select between different built-in 3D map options
Grid Type configuration (2), to set the number of rows, or the number of cubes and the cube size (this depends on the grid type)
Detailed options, consisting of several tabs (3):
- Main, Maze Generator control (4)
- Style, How the generated maze will look
- Path Options Add-On
- Height Map Editor Add-On
- Info – To check your licenses for Mazes 3D Isometric modules, in case you’re not seeing everything you’d expect to see

The best thing you can do, is to change colors, move sliders, and change other options, click Preview, and see what happens.

Maze Generator

The Maze Generator can be configured by you in several ways: by changing the maze generator algorithm, and by controlling the start and end points.

Maze Generator Algorithm

The maze generator is a mix of several algorithms. You can control the mix, using the “Solution Complexity” slider. Setting it to 0 (zero) will result in fairly long straight paths, while a setting of 100 will create a chaotic meandering maze. To get an idea of the results, here are two mazes with the extreme settings:

Mazes 3D Iso Complexity 0 Example

Mazes 3D Iso Complexity 100 Example

Besides the difference in solution complexity, for 3D Isometric mazes, the effect on the 3D look and feel is also different.

Start and End Point Options

There are several options to set the Start and End points:

Default: This will create a maze from Top to Bottom. The exact end-points will depend on the maze type and settings
Random: Create a path from one (randomly selected border) to the one across it
Longest Path: This will generate a maze first, and then find the longest possible path in the maze, and set the Start and End points accordingly
Manual: You can select the Start and End points, by right-clicking on the maze, and then select Start or End point from the popup menu. Please be aware that the maze, the paths in maze, the cell connections, will change every time a maze is generated.

Grid Types

The current version of Mazes 3D Isometric has several built-in 3D maps, along with a Random Map and the Custom Height Maps (requires the Height Map Editor Add-On).

The Flat map is a simple, flat map in isometric style. You can set the size using the “Rows” setting.

Mazes 3D Isometric Cubes

Mazes 3D Isometric Tower Example

Mazes 3D Isometric Colosseum Example

Mazes 3D Isometric Staircase Example

Mazes 3D Isometric Random Example

Style Options for Mazes 3D Isometric

Fill Colors

https://malcolm-en-gb.s3.eu-west-1.amazonaws.com/instances/wuGqS3zSeN/resources/2Hlf0jNKNW/Mazes%203D%20Isometric%20Style%20Fill%20Colors%20Screenshot.jpg (Mazes 3D Isometric Style Fill Colors Screenshot)

The Fill Colors are the main surface colors. You can set:

Canvas (1): The background for your maze. With the 3D Isometric view, there will always be the four corners of the image that are not part of the maze. You can choose a color or set it to transparent
Cell / Plane colors: there are three colors, for the top plane (2), the right front plane(3) and the left front plane (4)
For the two ‘vertical’ planes, you can choose to set a fixed color, or to set the color relative to the Top Plane Color. The percentage you enter is calculated in the RGB color space for 24 bit color: Each color (Red, Green and Blue) has a value of 0 to 255. The percentage is take from the maximum value of 255. That means 10% is 25.5. If the top plane has an R (Red) value of 17, a relative value of 10% will set the plane R value to 42.5.

Line Style

https://malcolm-en-gb.s3.eu-west-1.amazonaws.com/instances/wuGqS3zSeN/resources/amd7Dxcd5R/Mazes%203D%20Isometric%20Style%20Line%20Style%20Screenshot.jpg (Mazes 3D Isometric Style Line Style Screenshot)

There are three different lines to style, as you can see in the screenshot:

Outer Border: a border when there’s no maze cell at the other side
Cell Border: These are in fact the maze lines, indicating which cells are connected, and which paths can be followed
Plane Edge: The line between the top and vertical planes and between the two vertical planes. Usually this distinction is clear by the cell shading, but it’s here when you need it.

Solution Path Style

https://malcolm-en-gb.s3.eu-west-1.amazonaws.com/instances/wuGqS3zSeN/resources/qcIr48XXDR/Mazes%203D%20Isometric%20Style%20Solution%20Line%20Screenshot.jpg (Mazes 3D Isometric Style Solution Line Screenshot)

For the Solution Path you can set the width and color, and choose whether the line should be curved and/or dotted.

Start and End Point Style

https://malcolm-en-gb.s3.eu-west-1.amazonaws.com/instances/wuGqS3zSeN/resources/k8nJULYBti/Mazes%203D%20Isometric%20Style%20Start%20End%20Screenshot.jpg (Mazes 3D Isometric Style Start End Screenshot)

You can choose to use either Text or Images for the Start and End point. By default the text option is used, with the letters S and E for Start and End. You can also use control codes (Alt + number) instead of regular letters.

To use Images, you can either click on the white panels to select an image, or drag and drop an image on it.

Add-Ons

There are three add-ons for Mazes 3D Isometric:

The Paths Add-on has options to create smaller paths inside the squares (instead of using the entire square / cell as the path)
The Height Map Add-on lets you create your own 3D Maps, either from scratch, or starting with one of the built-in maps or the random map
The Time Saver Add-On helps you create your puzzles and puzzle books faster, with advanced layout options for the puzzle books.

You can find more tutorials on the Mazes 3D Isometric tutorials page. Video tutorials can be found in the Mazes 3D Isometric Playlist.

Question 2

Troubleshooting Mazes 2D Tiles

Accepted Answer

There are some problems you can run into when using Puzzle Maker Pro - Mazes 2D Tiles. Below we have shown the most common problems you can run into, and how to solve them.

Isometric Tiles

The Isometric Tiles are too small.
I see Square Tiles in my Isometric Maze
The Tiles in my Isometric Maze are not properly aligned

Masks Add-On - How do I fix Empty Cells in my Maze?

There are several possible reasons why empty cells appear in your maze:

Missing Tiles – If you don’t specify the tiles for each variation (e.g. 1, 12, 13, 123, etc), the maze generator will leave that space empty
Masks – If you use a mask or a quick mask, you’ll get empty (unused) cells
Empty Cells – If you specify a number of empty cells, these will be randomly selected in the grid. If you don’t have a “0” tile, these cells will be left empty. The “0” tile is for cells with no connections

Tile Multiplier

WARNING: Missing Tiles! Unable to complement all tile variations

Creating Isometric Tiles with Adobe Illustrator

In this tutorial we'll teach you how to create an isometric tile from a square tile, so you can use it in Puzzle Maker Pro - Mazes 2D Tiles.

You can use these same techniques in other drawing programs as well, such as Photoshop, Affinity, Canva, et cetera.

Step 1: Rotate the Image

https://malcolm-en-gb.s3.eu-west-1.amazonaws.com/instances/wuGqS3zSeN/resources/HSIlqrXVM7/Create%20Isometric%20Tiles%20Step%201%20Copy%20and%20Rotate%20a%20Square%20Tile.jpg (Create Isometric Tiles Step 1 Copy and Rotate a Square Tile)

Create Isometric Tiles - Step 1 - Copy and Rotate a square tile

In this tutorial we'll be using separate artboards in Adobe Illustrator, so you can see the before and after images. When you create tiles yourself, it's not necessary to keep track of every step.

For Step One, make sure you rotate the image exactly 45 degrees clockwise. Otherwise you'll get unpredictable results in Mazes 2D Tiles.

In the examples we use a square around the tile, which is clearly visible in the rotated image. There are two reasons we do this:

The lines make it easier to rotate and scale the image, allowing you to better see what you're doing. If you don't want these lines in the final image, you can always remove them.
For isometric tiles, especially when you want to add depth to the tile, it can be a stylistic choice to keep these lines in the final image.

Step 2: Scale Down

https://malcolm-en-gb.s3.eu-west-1.amazonaws.com/instances/wuGqS3zSeN/resources/lug90weVzx/Create%20isometric%20tiles%20step%202.jpg (Create isometric tiles step 2)

Create Isometric Tiles - Step 2 - Scale Down to fit the tile

In this tutorial we assume that the new tile size will be based on the size of the square tile you were using. If the square tile was 200x200 pixels, you'll want to scale the rotated image down, so the width is exactly 200 pixels. In the image you can see it's scaled down to fit the artboard.

Step 3: Scale Vertically

https://malcolm-en-gb.s3.eu-west-1.amazonaws.com/instances/wuGqS3zSeN/resources/WHNvOdqN80/Step%203%20Scale%20vertically.jpg (Step 3 Scale vertically)

Create Isometric Tiles – Step 3 – Scale Down Vertically (Flatten the image)

The next step is to flatten the tile. This is done by reducing the height by 50%, while keeping the width at 100% (which means there should be no change in the width). Depending on your program, you may need to unlink horizontal and vertical scaling to enable this.

You can tell from the picture that it already looks very close to isometric.

Step 4: Reposition the Tile

https://malcolm-en-gb.s3.eu-west-1.amazonaws.com/instances/wuGqS3zSeN/resources/KeE42IxIze/Step%204%20reposition%20the%20tile.jpg (Step 4 reposition the tile)

Create Isometric Tiles – Step 4 – Reposition the tile

The final step is to reposition the tile. It's also possible to resize your artboard or canvas to the correct height/width ratio. You can tell in the image that the new isometric tile covers exactly 50% of the square artboard.

Now you can save the image as a .png file. Make sure that all the areas that are not part of the tile (the parts between the diamond and red rectangle) are transparent, and not white.

But wait, there's more...

Step 5 (Optional): Add Depth

The result from step 4 is already a good result, and can be used in mazes 2D Tiles. However, in some cases you may want to add some suggested depth to the tiles, for an even better result.

https://malcolm-en-gb.s3.eu-west-1.amazonaws.com/instances/wuGqS3zSeN/resources/lChVd3XiFG/Step%205.jpg (Step 5)

Create Isometric Tiles – Step 5 – Add Suggested Depth

In this step you can add two slightly skewed rectangles, or even just lines, to suggest a sense of depth. The exact way to do this depends on the tools you're using. Adobe Illustrator offers advanced options to move or add individual points to a path, or to move just one side of a rectangle, to create the skewed appearance.

After adding the skewed rectangles to the image, you can give them each a different colour. In the example we've used two shades of grey, suggesting a light source that comes from the right, and a bit more shadow at the left. This increases the 3D look and feel of the tile.

There are many styles and options here:

The example shows a 3D cube, used in games like minecraft. It is completely up to you to choose how much depth you want to add. You could go from a thin line, to as long as a cube or even longer.

In the example, the top layer stops at the edges. It's also possible to copy those colours to the top 5% or top 10% of the depth. In a colour maze, you could make it look like the top is grass, the top 5% of the depth would also be grass, and below that could be brown for dirt.

Overview

The screenshot above shows several things:

You can also see 5 tabs for this puzzle type

Main: this is what you're seeing in the screenshot
Tile Multiplier: An Add-on that will complete tilesets from only 5 or 6 base tiles. It can also generate isometric tiles from square tiles. We also have a tutorial on how to use the Tile Multiplier Add-on.
Style: Colour and line width settings for the solution path
Mask: Using masks to create mazes in custom shapes. You can use your own silhouette images to create masks, and then edit or finetune the masks.
info: Here you can see license information for this Puzzle Maker Pro module, including add-ons.

Setting up your maze

Puzzle Size

You can select the number of rows (horizontal) and columns (vertical) for your maze. Both have a mazimum of 100. We chose this maximum because of multiple reasons:

We want to keep the appearance of your tiles intact. If you print too many tiles on a small surface, details could be lost.
Each tile image has to be 'printed' on the maze image. Using larger puzzles will take more time to generate.

However, if you really want larger puzzles, feel free to contact us, and we can see if a larger upper limit is possible.

Empty Cells

You can add empty cells to the maze. Depending on your tile set, these tiles will be actually empty, or you can add specific tiles for these empty cells. For example, if you create a maze with road style tiles, you could add houses or small lakes in the empty cells.

Quantity

Finally, there's an option to set the quantity. This is the number of mazes you want to generate when you click the "create" button. The puzzles will be saved in the location you set up using the Output settings in Puzzle Maker Pro

Selecting the Tiles Folder

To select the Tiles Folder, click the "browse" button, and navigate to the folder where you have stored your images. Select one of the images, and click "open". This will automatically select the entire folder of images.

https://malcolm-en-gb.s3.eu-west-1.amazonaws.com/instances/wuGqS3zSeN/resources/6bNZxAf1hA/Mazes%202D%20Tiles%20select%20tiles%20folder.jpg (Mazes 2D Tiles select tiles folder)

The pack shown here is a free Cartography Tiles Pack from Kenney. As you can see, we've renamed the files, with each file now starting with one or more numbers. The numbers indicate the sides of the square that are connected, with 0 having no connections, 12 meaning side 1 and 2 are connected, et cetera. For more information, you can always look at our tile format and naming conventions guide.

Note: The tiles used in this preview are only 64 by 64 pixels, meaning they have to be upscaled if you want to use them in a maze.

After selecting this set, and clicking the "preview" button, you'll see something like this:

https://malcolm-en-gb.s3.eu-west-1.amazonaws.com/instances/wuGqS3zSeN/resources/TedRrqgpv6/Mazes%202D%20Tiles%20using%20your%20own%20tile%20set.jpg (Mazes 2D Tiles using your own tile set)

The straight black solution line looks out of place in this maze style, so let's change that up a bit.

Style

The screenshot below shows the style settings for Mazes 2D Tiles

https://malcolm-en-gb.s3.eu-west-1.amazonaws.com/instances/wuGqS3zSeN/resources/8N1WT532Nv/Mazes%202D%20Style%20Settings.jpg (Mazes 2D Style Settings)

Mazes 2D Tiles Style Settings

There are several options to customise the way the solution path is drawn:

You can change the width and colour of the solution path. Here we changed the width to 15. The width is a percentage of the square, so when a maze gets drawn the width of the solution path will now be 15%.
Curved line: This will uze Bezier curves (if you've used Adobe Illustrator, Photoshop, or Affinity before, you may be familiar with these already), to make a curved line. The line will go through the center points of each tile.
Dotted Line: Instead of a single continuous line, you can also create a dotted line. We have chosen this style because it fits the general style of the puzzle more.

In addition to these options, you can also change the canvas colour. We haven't changed that setting here, because the tiles themselves have transparency as well.

Create Isometric Mazes with Mazes 2D Tiles

In this tutorial we’ll show you how to create isometric mazes with Puzzle Maker Pro – Mazes 2D Tiles. We recommend you start by reading Getting Started with Mazes 2D tiles, so you understand the basics of this program.

https://malcolm-en-gb.s3.eu-west-1.amazonaws.com/instances/wuGqS3zSeN/resources/HvD7TPK5AE/Mazes-2D-Tiles-Isometric-Mazes-Steps.jpg (Mazes-2D-Tiles-Isometric-Mazes-Steps)

First Steps

To create an isometric maze, select “Isometric – Classic” from the Grid Type dropdown menu. You’ll see a preview of the maze, using the current settings (1)

To use your own tiles, click “Browse” (2). To select a folder, just select one of the images in that folder, and click “Open”. That will select the entire folder, not just the single image.

If the preview panel is not centered, you can do so by moving the mouse wheel when you hover over the image.

Isometric - Full Square

The diamond shaped maze is what we call the ‘Classic’ variation of isometric. This is the isometric style you often see in video games. However, we also offer the option to fill the entire canvas with isometric squares. This option is called "Isometric - Full Square". This will add more cells to create a square maze, as seen in the picture below. We also recommend this option if you want to work with masks. Below is an example of a maze generated with the Isometric Full Square option selected.

Creating and Using your own tiles

It is possible to use your own tiles for Mazes 2D Tiles. You can find this information at Mazes 2D Tile Format and Naming Conventions.

Making isometric tiles yourself sounds more difficult than it really is. There are multiple ways you can go about it:

You can use regular square tiles, and our Tile Multiplier Add-On. With this method, you will only really need 5 or 6 square tiles for the maze, and two additional images for a start and end point. This can even be done in powerpoint if you don't have Photoshop or equivalent. Here is a video on How to Create Square Tiles with MS Powerpoint. Do note that while the tile multiplier will rotate images for you, it does not add the suggested depth shown in the example images on this page.
You can draw the isometric tiles yourself. We have tutorials on how to do this in Adobe Illustrator, but this can be done in other graphic programs as well. A Video on making Isometric Tiles with Adobe Illustrator, The Text for making Isometric Tiles with Adobe Illustrator
Last but not least, you can find isometric tiles on the web. There are both free and paid options available, although most free sets seem to only be available in 32 or 64 pixels. Depending on your maze and your image settings, this could lead to a blurry final maze. An example of other tiles can be seen below:

https://malcolm-en-gb.s3.eu-west-1.amazonaws.com/instances/wuGqS3zSeN/resources/FaHK2YMRM4/Mazes-2D-Tiles-Kenney-Roads-example-1024x545.jpg (Mazes-2D-Tiles-Kenney-Roads-example-1024x545)

Isometric maze using public domain tiles (Tiles downloaded from https://opengameart.org/users/kenney)

As you can see in the image, there are some 'holes' in the maze. We have selected 10 Empty Cells, and because there is no '0' image, which would be an image with 0 connections to the tiles surrounding it, these are left empty. This can result in a 3D effect when you use isometric tiles.

Using the Tile Multiplier for mazes 2D Tiles

The Tile Multiplier Add-On can be used to create extra tiles based on the base tiles you use as input. This add-on only works with Puzzle Maker Pro - Mazes 2D Tiles.

There are two main options:

Complement images if Missing - this is used for square mazes.
Convert Square Images to Isometric format - this is used for isometric mazes.

In addition to that, there's a slider you can use for troubleshooting.

Complement Images if Missing

Tile Multiplier will add tiles for you if you feed it a minimum set of five or six tiles. You don't have to buy Tile Multiplier to use Mazes 2D Tiles, you can also draw each tile yourself, or use options in File Explorer on Windows (or the Mac/Linux equivalent) to copy and rotate the images yourself.

https://malcolm-en-gb.s3.eu-west-1.amazonaws.com/instances/wuGqS3zSeN/resources/NZYEskvKhJ/Square%20Tile%20Minimum.jpg (Square Tile Minimum)

Minimum tiles required

The minimum set consists of a tile for each of the options above:

1: dead-end
12: top-right corner
13: Tom-bottom straight line
123: Top-right-bottom split
1234: crossing
0: This tile is optional, but would be used for tiles that have no connection at all. Empty tiles in isometric mazes are an optional setting.

Note: Don't forget to create images for the start (code: s-) and end (code: e-) tiles. THese are not processed by Tile Multiplier.

From the minimum tile set it will create a full set of tiles:

https://malcolm-en-gb.s3.eu-west-1.amazonaws.com/instances/wuGqS3zSeN/resources/6c7sgi35s4/Square%20Tiles%20Tile%20Multiplier.jpg (Square Tiles Tile Multiplier)

It will copy and rotate tile 1, to create tiles 2, 3, and 4. It will do the same with the other tiles that it was given.

Convert Square Images to Isometric Format

The Tile Multiplier can create isometric tiles from your square tiles. It can't create new isometric tiles from other isometric tiles.

https://malcolm-en-gb.s3.eu-west-1.amazonaws.com/instances/wuGqS3zSeN/resources/INGDEjNHem/tile%20multiplier%20for%20isometric.jpg (tile multiplier for isometric)

Complement images if missing: This will create a full set of square tiles out of the required set of 5 images.
Convert square images to isometric format: this will create isometric tiles for each available square tile (including the ones created with the complement option).
Advanced/scaling: In most cases the conversion will be perfect. In some cases, Tile Multiplier may misinterpret the exact size of the tile due to DPI differences. If this happens you can use the Scaling slider to adjust the tile size. For more info on this, see our separate tutorial: Troubleshooting Mazes 2D Tiles.

An example of the Tile Multiplier to create a full set of isometric tiles from a limited set of square tiles:

https://malcolm-en-gb.s3.eu-west-1.amazonaws.com/instances/wuGqS3zSeN/resources/4e6G2BYeBY/tile%20multiplier%20limited%20tile%20set.jpg (tile multiplier limited tile set)

Without the Tile Multiplier, this set of 7 tiles would result in the following maze:

https://malcolm-en-gb.s3.eu-west-1.amazonaws.com/instances/wuGqS3zSeN/resources/h8hHMNsNaz/Tile%20multiplier%20missing%20tiles.jpg (Tile multiplier missing tiles)

The Tile Multiplier can fix this, and add the other tiles, to create the following result:

https://malcolm-en-gb.s3.eu-west-1.amazonaws.com/instances/wuGqS3zSeN/resources/D9xaTiS1nC/Tile%20multiplier%20fix%20square%20tiles.jpg (Tile multiplier fix square tiles)

Something similar happens if you don't convert your tiles to isometric:

https://malcolm-en-gb.s3.eu-west-1.amazonaws.com/instances/wuGqS3zSeN/resources/owXO8fAdXE/isometric%20maze%20using%20square%20tiles.jpg (isometric maze using square tiles)

This maze does not look isometric at all, and the solution path is not connecting to any of the paths. After telling tile multiplier to convert the tiles to isometric, this would be the result:

https://malcolm-en-gb.s3.eu-west-1.amazonaws.com/instances/wuGqS3zSeN/resources/GurMzLm7Fw/Tile%20multiplier%20isometric.jpg (Tile multiplier isometric)

This looks a lot better.

Quick Masks

The easiest and quickest option to create a mask is the aptly named Quick Mask option.

To use this, you'll need to select an image. Either by clicking the white panel below the "use quick mask" checkbox, or by dragging your image onto that panel.

Next, click the "Use Quick Mask" button, and click "Next Preview".

https://malcolm-en-gb.s3.eu-west-1.amazonaws.com/instances/wuGqS3zSeN/resources/lRJ9wYlVhi/masks%20add-on%20quick%20masks.jpg (masks add-on quick masks)

When you do this, several outcomes are possible:

you get a shaped maze, as shown in the example above.
Nothing happens.
You get a result, but the result is... underwhelming.

After the Quick Mask is generated, the "use Quick Mask" checkbox will be unchecked automatically. Generating a mask from a bitmap takes time, and you may not want to generate the same mask over and over while you're adjusting style settings or selecting different tiles to use.

However, if you want to create a new mask with the Quick Mask feature, because you've changed the grid size or the image, you can check this checkbox again.

Nothing happens

The Quick Mask option will try to generate a mask using the grid settings and the image you have selected. It will do so by analyzing the silhouette image, and varying the "Mask Sensitivity" until a 'Connected Mask' is created:

Mask Sensitivity: The threshold for background pixels in each cell (square or isometric). If there are more background pixels than that threshold, it will be excluded. If there are fewer background pixels, it will be included in the mask. The Mask Sensitivity starts at 50%, so 50% of all pixels have to be foreground, and will go up in little steps to 80% foreground.
Connected Mask: To create a maze, all the cells in the grid must be connected. When you use a mask that results in groups of cells that are not connected, it will not create a valid mask.

If there is no connected mask at the highest mask sensitivity (so 80%), the Quick Mask generator will give up, and there will be no mask.

Underwhelming Quick Mask results

In many cases, especially when you're new to creating masks with the Mask Add-On, the result may be a bit underwhelming, or not look how you expected it to. An example of this can be seen below.

https://malcolm-en-gb.s3.eu-west-1.amazonaws.com/instances/wuGqS3zSeN/resources/fKxwXRAlTI/masks%20add-on%20unexpected%20results.jpg (masks add-on unexpected results)

Even though we started with the silhouette of a car, and a mask was generated, the resulting image and the maze don't really resemble a car. This is not a bug: the mask generator did what it was supposed to do - each cell that has enough coloured (in this case black) pixels has been added to the maze.

What happened here is that the grid is too small for the image used. The top of the car has thin lines, and in a 12 row puzzle, they're too thin to fill up more than 50% of a tile. As a result, the roof of the car, and the top of the headlights, did not become part of the mask.

To avoid these situations, we recommend changing the numbers of rows for the grid. This should create a better mask.

Creating Masks using a Silhouette

To create a mask from an image, you'll need an image that can work as a silhouette: you can set which background colour(s) aren't part of the mask, and all other colours will be part of the mask. The masks feature won't work well with images that are only line-art.

When you click "Edit Mask" you'll see the mask editor.

https://malcolm-en-gb.s3.eu-west-1.amazonaws.com/instances/wuGqS3zSeN/resources/R6fhC4Y9dq/masks%20add-on%20editor.jpg (masks add-on editor)

The mask. If you already had a mask selected, it will be shown here. Otherwise, all cells will be part of the mask.
The image selection panel. You can click here to select an image, or drag and drop an image onto the white panel.
Depending on the image you're using, you may need to adjust the background colour.
Status of your puzzle. If it's green "Cells are connected", it's a valid mask for a puzzle. If there's a red warning, that means not all cells are connected to each other.
After selecting an image, you can change the Mask Sensitivity to create a better result. This is the same setting that Quick Masks uses.
After changing the grid size or Mask Sensitivity, you can click the "Scan Image" button to create a new mask from the current image (in 2.). This will overwrite all manual changes you may have made.

You can toggle each square (or tile) in the mask by clicking on it, or by using advanced editing options:

Setting the Background Colour

For regular silhouette images, the background will be either white or transparent. You can select a different colour, or even switch the foreground and background for a silhouette. There are checkboxes for white, transparent, and a custom colour, so you can exclude up to three colours from your mask.

Changing the Mask Sensitivity

The mask sensitivity is the threshold for background pixels in each cell. If there are more background pixels than that threshold, it will be excluded from the mask. If there are less, it will be included. You can manually adjust the threshold to create slight differences in the mask.

Below are three examples of different Mask Sensitivity settings:

https://malcolm-en-gb.s3.eu-west-1.amazonaws.com/instances/wuGqS3zSeN/resources/Y9t21Bn1HS/Mask%20sensitivity%2020.jpg (Mask sensitivity 20)

Mask Sensitivity 20

https://malcolm-en-gb.s3.eu-west-1.amazonaws.com/instances/wuGqS3zSeN/resources/IcElgFjqAB/Mask%20sensitivity%2050.jpg (Mask sensitivity 50)

Mask Sensitivity 50

https://malcolm-en-gb.s3.eu-west-1.amazonaws.com/instances/wuGqS3zSeN/resources/tOBV6WxmHY/Mask%20sensitivity%2080.jpg (Mask sensitivity 80)

Mask Sensitivity 80

Editing your Silhouette Image

Prepare your image before you use it as a mask. Photo editing software and drawing software are great tools to do some pre-processing of the silhouette images:

Reduce the number of colours, especially if the background is not one single colour. In Adobe software, there is an option called "Posterise" to do this.
Trim black or transparent borders from your image, because these will result in unused rows/columns of cells in the mask and the maze.

Creating Masks Manually

Clicking on the "Manual Editing" tab reveals the advanced editing options:

https://malcolm-en-gb.s3.eu-west-1.amazonaws.com/instances/wuGqS3zSeN/resources/e7tUdAwLSa/advanced%20editing%20options.jpg (advanced editing options)

Action: Toggle will switch the colour from black to white and vice versa. This will include or exclude the cell or range from the mask. Copy color will copy the colour of the clicked cell to all the cells in the range.
Range type: When you click on a single cell (Tile) you can select if your actions will affect the cell, the row, or the column.
Range Size: Adjust 1, 3, or 5 cells, rows, or columns at a time.

The screenshot shows the result after two mouse-clicks:

Click on a cell with action "toggle", range type "row", and range size "3"
Click on a different cell with action "toggle", range type "column" and range size "3"

You can see that by using Toggle, some of the white cells in the row have turned black again. By using "Copy Color" you can prevent this from happening.

Note: Clicking the cells for editing is somewhat sensitive. If you move the mouse while clicking, the software won't know if you want to move or click. If you're zoomed in, you can also click and drag the image, to have a closer look at the part you want to edit.

Masks for Isometric Mazes

You can also use the Mask Editor for Isometric Mazes. It will work the same way, but the tiles will have a different shape.

https://malcolm-en-gb.s3.eu-west-1.amazonaws.com/instances/wuGqS3zSeN/resources/FRzwrbhPpW/Masks%20add%20on%20isometric%20grid%20mask.jpg (Masks add on isometric grid mask)

When you create masks for isometric grids, there are some unique features to pay attention to:

The classic Isometric grid has a diamond shape. That means that any part of the silhouette that's in the corners of the image will not be used.
The full square isometirc grid type was created to prevent that problem. However, by nature it's a rectangle, which means it will work best with rectangular silhouette images. In the screenshot above you can see a lot of unused cells at the left and right side of the mask. This doesn't have to be a problem for your maze, but it's something to keep in mind.

Creating Square Tiles for Mazes 2D Tiles

Tiles for Mazes 2D Tiles have to be saved in a .png format.

Naming conventions

We've set up a simple standard, where each side of a tile gets a number. The code consists of the numbers for the sides that are connected. The name of the file (the image file for the tile) has to start with this code, followed by a dash ("-"). The dash is required to let the software know where the code ends.

For example, a tile with a corner that connects sides 1 and 2, has code 12. The filename for this image can be something like "12-top right corner.png" or "12-corner with tree.png". You can also have both names, the software will randomly pick one of them each time this type of tile is needed.

https://malcolm-en-gb.s3.eu-west-1.amazonaws.com/instances/wuGqS3zSeN/resources/pgaxGX167f/Square%20Tile%20Numbering%20convention.jpg (Square Tile Numbering convention)

There are 16 possible codes for square mazes:

0 – optional, empty square. You can use this for embellishments, like trees, your logo, etc

1, 2, 3, 4 – Dead end

12, 23, 34, 14 – Corners

13, 24 – Straight connection

1234 – Crossing (all sides connected)

123, 124, 134, 234 – Split / three-way connection

In addition to those 16 codes, you’ll need two additional images:

s – start image (this will be printed over the start tile)

e – end image (this will be printed over the finish tile)

Image Size

The image size (or canvas size) for your tiles depends on the size of the mazes you are going to generate:

If you’d be creating a maze of 40 by 40 on that canvas, each square would be just 50 by 50 pixels.

When the squares are printed on the canvas by Mazes 2D Tiles, they will be resized to fit.

The default tiles in Puzzle Maker Pro were created at 500×500 pixels.

Drawing the Tiles

Drawing the tiles is actually very easy. The important thing to do is make sure that the connections, at the edges of each square, are at the same place for each tile. Below is the template we used for Adobe Illustrator:

https://malcolm-en-gb.s3.eu-west-1.amazonaws.com/instances/wuGqS3zSeN/resources/xqzaVE3Tmn/Adobe%20Illustrator%20template.jpg (Adobe Illustrator template)

This template has several options for each tile. If you don't have the option to create multiple artobards, it's best to create a template that has all sides connected, and use that for all other tiles as well.

While we use Illustrator for the example, any editing software will do, such as Adobe Photoshop, Corel Paint, Affinity, Canva, or even the software that comes with your computer, such as MS Paint.

To summarise, you'll need 16+2 Tiles for your maze:

1-top.png
2-right.png
3-bottom.png
4-left.png
12-topright.png
23-rightbottom.png
34-bottomleft.png
14-topleft.png
123-toprightbottom.png
124-toprightleft.png
134-topbottomleft.png
234-rightbottomleft.png
13-topbottom.png
24-rightleft.png
1234-allsides.png
0-blank.png (optional)
S-Startsymbol.png
E-Endsymbol.png

For each of the files, the code at the start (the numbers plus the dash) have to be there. The rest of the filename can be omitted, or changed to something else if you want to. You can also create multiple tiles for the same code, for extra variation.

Creating Isometric Tiles for Mazes 2D Tiles

The standard naming convention for isometric tiles looks a lot like the square tiles: the code for each tile consists of the numbers for the sides that are connected. The tiles are just rotated 45 degrees.

1 – Top Right (instead of top)

2 – Bottom Right (instead of right)

3 – Bottom Left (instead of bottom)

4 – Top Left (instead of left)

Again, the name of the file has to start with that code, followed by a dash (“-“).

For example, a tile with a corner that connects sides 1 (top right) and 2 (bottom right) has code 12. The filename could be something like “12-simple corner.PNG”

For isometric mazes there are 16 possible codes as well:

0 – optional, empty square. You can use this for embellishments, like trees, your logo, etc

1, 2, 3, 4 – Dead end

12, 23, 34, 14 – Corners

13, 24 – Straight connection

1234 – Crossing (all sides connected)

123, 124, 134, 234 – Split / three-way connection

In addition to those 16 codes, you’ll need two additional images:

s – start image (this will be printed over the start tile)

e – end image (this will be printed over the finish tile)

(The list of files that are required for isometric mazes is identical to the list for square mazes, although the tiles look different.)

Drawing the Tiles

For Mazes 2D Tiles we follow the isometric ‘standard’ that is used by most game developers: For the basic tile, the width is twice the height. In addition to that, you can add depth to the tiles, by drawing ‘suggested’ depth below the tile.

It’s usually easiest – but not required – to start with square tiles, and then rotate and resize them. There are other options, depending on the tools you have. For example, in Photoshop you can use ‘smart objects’ to do the transformation for you (after you set it up just once).

The steps to transform a square tile into an isometric tile:

Rotate the tile 45 degrees clockwise
Scale the tile to fit onto the canvas – if you have a 200×200 pixel tile and rotate it, it will be approx 280 pixels wide, so scale it back to have a total width of 200 again
Re-scale the tile – Horizontally to 100%, vertically to 50%. Immediately you’ll see the isometric look of the tile.
You can save the tile as PNG image. If you started with a 200×200 pixel tile, the canvas should now be 200 (wide) x 100 (high).
Optionally add additional lines and colors to suggest depth.

For an in-depth tutorial on how to do this, you can look at our tutorial on how to create isometric tiles with Adobe Illustrator, where we go into detail on the creation of isometric tiles.

Image Size

The image size of the files for isometric tiles depends on the embellishments you use:

The size of the basic tile should have a 1:2 ratio for the height:width sizes. If the tile is 200 pixels wide, it should be 100 pixels high. (The proper working of Puzzle Maker Pro – Mazes 2D Tiles depends on this, otherwise the results will not look right)
If you have added depth to the tile, either by adding additional lines or shading at the bottom, or by placing objects on the tile that stick out on top (e.g. towers, persons, arrows), the tile size can be larger. If you add depth suggestion at the bottom, each tile should have the same additional depth!
Mazes 2D Tiles will use the height of the smallest tile to determine the depth of the tiles. and align the tiles according to that height
If you have objects sticking out on top, these should be drawn over the tiles behind it. Mazes 2D Tiles will take this into account when setting up the canvas dimensions and margins

Getting Started with Mazes 3D Isometric

Troubleshooting Mazes 2D Tiles

How to Create Isometric Tiles with Adobe Illustrator

Getting Started with Mazes 2D Tiles

Create Isometric Mazes with Mazes 2D Tiles

Using the Tile Multiplier for Mazes 2D Tiles

Using the Mask Editor for Mazes 2D Tiles

Mazes 2D Tiles - Tile format and naming conventions

Creating Isometric Tiles with Adobe Illustrator (Video)

Mazes 2D Tiles Overview (Video)